Plants, fungi and bacteria can do something that we humans are not able to – they create
networks that provide optimal living conditions. For millions of years, they have perfected
the ability to build long-term relationships based on the distribution of goods. The forces
of nature are willingly using network solutions. It is high time that we begin following
their example.
prof. Władysław Polcyn, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań
In the face of threats and challenges of the Anthropocene, when human activities exert a disruptive
influence over the environment, we turn to the roots – not only to metaphorical elements
constituting our heritage and ancestry, but to highly effective and resistant systems occurring in
the rhizosphere. Below the ground, where roots thrive, a vast number of interspecies cooperative
relationships are incessantly developing and sustaining a stable, plastic and incredibly adaptable
network. The Small Worlds Network model acts as the
rhizosphere’s operation system responsible for
resilience as well as distribution of resources. In this understanding, the rhizosphere may be
perceived as the source of inspiration for more sustainable organizational strategies and
solutions.
So, how can we use the wisdom of the roots to improve the quality of life of all world beings and
wisely head towards what we want to become, towards the world in which we want to live? We are
looking into root systems and the communication of the rhizosphere actors in order to explore new
ways towards better management and democratization of resources, information and knowledge. The
exhibition involves interdisciplinary conversations, which aim to raise awareness of the
environmental and societal issues of our time. In this mutual exchange, artists are instigated by
new scientific research related to sustainable solutions, biotechnology and ecology. In turn,
scientists, bioengineers and stakeholders can engage in a creative, productive dialogue that may
lead towards fresh innovative developments as well as new ways of disseminating knowledge.
Growing recognition of the functioning of the underground world based on symbiosis, diversity and
interdependence provides us with new perspectives. Looking at the interspecies, sustainable
relationships that cross the barriers of species, genera, classes or even domains helps us to
recognize the reality as a fully networked, complex and dynamic system. This, in turn, can lead to a
feeling of deeper bonding to the environment, as we find ourselves as part of a much bigger
“whole”.
Learning about the complex networks that have been evolving for thousands of years provokes
reflection pointing to the high value of local connections, which in the human-made, globalized
system became in recent decades more and more marginalized. Observation of the decentralized,
effective model of small worlds of the rhizosphere may point to the new paths of development, guided
by fresh economic priorities, local communities’ empowerment and more fair resources & goods
exchange.
We envisioned our global, human network as the rhizosphere, expanding not under our feet, but
everywhere around, entwining the Earth – a delicate network of symbiosis, diversity and
interdependencies. We connect and interact within this bio-tech planet, endlessly exchanging
information. Our actions influence the network’s well-being.
The exhibition comprises two interdisciplinary projects: Rhizosphere:
The Big Network of Small
Worlds and CHIC Project (with ASN Artists-in-Residence Program), providing an
international
survey
of artworks created by renowned as well as emerging artists in collaboration with scientists and/or
inspired by the research in the fields of life sciences and biotechnology. Rhizosphere is a
comprehensive art, research & education project evolved from a long-term cooperation between the
Studio of Transdisciplinary Projects & Research of the University of Arts in Poznań and the Faculty
of Biology of the Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań. CHIC is a project funded by EU Horizon 2020
Program, supporting the establishment of a responsible innovation pathways for the development and
application of New Plant Breeding Techniques (NPBTs) for chicory as a multipurpose crop for the
production of high-value consumer products (inulin, medical terpenes), in line with societal needs
and concerns.
Joanna Hoffmann & Karolina Wlazło-Malinowska
Art & Science Node
The exhibition ‘Capture the Future(s): OUR BIO-TECH PLANET. The Routes to Roots Networks and
Beyond’
curated by Art & Science Node, is presented at the biennial, virtual congress – Plant Biology Europe
2021, taking place between June 28th and July 1st, 2021.
The exhibition comprises two interdisciplinary projects: Rhizosphere: The Big Network of Small
Worlds and CHIC Project (with Artists-in-Residence Program), providing an
international survey of
artworks created by renowned as well as emerging artists in collaboration scientists and/or inspired
by the fields of life sciences and biotechnology. Rhizosphere is a comprehensive art,
research &
education project based on a long-term cooperation between the Studio of Transdisciplinary Projects
& Research of the University of Arts in Poznań and the Faculty of Biology of the Adam Mickiewicz
University in Poznań. CHIC is a project funded by EU Horizon 2020 Program, supporting the
establishment of a responsible innovation pathways for the development and application of New Plant
Breeding Techniques (NPBTs) for chicory as a multipurpose crop for the production of high-value
consumer products (inulin, medical terpenes), in line with societal needs and concerns.
Opening – June 27th, 2020 at 6pm
Special event with a curatorial presentation and online guided tour, hosted by Art & Science
Node
and the Plant Biology Europe 2021.
Join the meeting here (on zoom.us)
(Meeting ID: 840 7697 0175, Passcode: 888543)
Accompanying events
Let’s eat CHICque. Gourmet Aftertastes – June 28th & 29th, 2021, from 5:30pm
An art & science webinar and cooking workshop, revealing the unique art, science and culinary
potentials of alternative healthy ingredients in chicory (Cichorium intybus).
With Jill Scott and Marille Hahne (CHIC ASN A-I-R Program), World Pastry Champion Jordi Bordas, food
producer – Sensus and Art & Science Node.
More information here
The Unnatural, That Too is Natural – June 30th, 2021 at 7pm
An art & science panel discussion around “Biotechnology from the Blue Flower” CHIC ASN A-I-R Project
by Anna Dumitriu & Alex May; exploring what does ‘natural’ really mean today – or as Goethe put it
“The Unnatural, That Too is Natural”. Introduced by Joanna Hoffmann (Art & Science Node), with Anna
Dumitriu & Alex May (CHIC ASN A-I-R Program), Dirk Bosch (Wageningen University and Research), Paul
Bundock (KeyGene), Katarina Cankar (Wageningen University and Research), Erik Toussaint
(KeyGene).
More information here
The Future of STEAM Education – July 1st, 2021 at 6pm
An online, art & science panel discussion presenting the European eTwinning platform, which is part
of the EU Erasmus+ and integrated with EU Lifelong Learning Program, as well as selected
international STEAM projects to exchange experiences and ideas and to inspire further activities.
The webinar is related to the complex art-science-education project Rhizosphere: The Big Network for
Small Worlds.
With Prof. Joanna Hoffmann (Art & Science Node, UAP), Prof. Przemysław Wojtaszek (Vice
Rector, UAM, PSEPB), Nina Czegledy (Leonardo/ISAST), Prof. Marlena Lembicz (UAM), dr. Anna Marie
Nicoaysen (NMBU), Piotr Słomczewski (UAP), Tomasz Ordza (Kazimierz Nowak Elementary School in
Dąbrówka [PL]), Helena Pires (Agrupamento de Escolas de Álvaro Velho in Barreiro [PG]), Seda Göçhan
(Türkiye Gazeteciler Cemiyeti Ortaokulu [TU]). With special guest – Daniel de la Torre (Werner von
Siemens Gymnasium Berlin).
More information here
Please check here for
updates about further events and curatorial tours.
Colophone
Artists: Andre Bartetzki (DE), Marta Bączyk (PL), Anna Dumitriu (GB), Marille Hahne (DE/CH),
Joanna
Hoffmann (PL/DE), Małgorzata Kaczmarek (PL), Larys Lubowicki (PL), Pei-Ying Lin (TW/NL), Paulina
Misiak (PL), Alex May (GB), Jill Scott (AU/CH), Piotr Słomczewski (PL), Maria Subczyńska (PL),
Jadwiga Subczyńska (PL), Diana Taukin (BY/PL)
Curators: Joanna Hoffmann, Karolina Wlazło-Malinowska
Organizer: Art & Science Node (ASN), Berlin
Strategic Partner: Plant Biology Europe 2021
Collaboration: Piotr Słomczewski, Arkadiusz Rataj, Pablo Ardila, Efi Methodiou, Pol Alonso,
Daniel de la Torre
Visual materials credits: Art &
Science Node
About the website
2021 ART & SCIENCE NODE
Created and produced by Art & Science Node (ASN)
Art Director: Joanna Hoffmann
Concept and coordination: Joanna Hoffmann, Karolina Wlazło-Malinowska
Graphic Design: Karolina Wlazło-Malinowska
Web development: Efi Methodiou
Web development assistance: Arkadiusz Rataj
3D model, video trailer & backgrounds renderings: Arkadiusz Rataj
Terms of Service
Art & Science Node Berlin presents a unique way to explore immersive, interactive art projects with a free mobile application using Augmented Reality technology. Understanding of the world as a multi-faceted environment gave rise to the concept of a root-like, nonhierarchical, 3D interface that guides the viewer inside the artworks. It serves as an introduction into the world of inter-connections and creativity embracing artistic research & practice, scientific discovery and technological progress.
ART & SCIENCE NODE app constitutes the meeting ground
between art and innovation in science and
technology, providing a wide survey of artworks created by artists inspired by scientific research
and collaborating with scientists in the field of life sciences and biotechnology. The AR projects
transfer the multitude of topics derived from biological inspirations, social issues, global
concerns and speculative reflections on the human-made systems onto multimedia narratives.
Presentation in an augmented reality environment lets the viewer experience the artworks in the
self-chosen surroundings, without the enclosure within the walls of museums and galleries. Visit a
park, a meadow or a busy city street (and many more) and explore the variety of the artworks
outside.
HOW DOES IT WORK?
1. Download and install the free ART & SCIENCE NODE application from Google Play/ App Store. It is
best to make the download when using Wi-Fi internet connection.
2. When using the app – please remember to stay aware of your surroundings!
3. Open the application. Before going in AR mode, check the Tutorial in the Menu to learn how to
fully enjoy the experience’s designed functionalities.
4. After entering the AR mode, scan the horizontal surfaces and click on the chosen marker’s
position to place the root-like interface.
5. Explore the interface and its nodes, each representing an original artwork. Choose the artworks
to display by clicking on the selected node.
6. If the artwork is implemented with sound, you will see a relevant icon. We suggest using
headphones for the best audio experience.
The app is available on Google Play or App Store
2021 ART & SCIENCE NODE
Created and produced by Art & Science Node (ASN)
Art Director: Joanna Hoffmann
Concept and coordination: Joanna Hoffmann, Karolina Wlazło-Malinowska
Designer & Curator: Karolina Wlazło-Malinowska
Engineer & Programmer: Pablo Ardila
Artworks – Exposition Developer: Arkadiusz Rataj
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prof. dr hab. Władysław Polcyn
Rhizosphere: The Big Network of Small Worlds – member of the
leading team
Adam Mickiewicz University, Faculty of Biology, Department of Plant Physiology
Both the world of soil-living fungi and the world of plants are built according to a similar
fundamental rule, which is the creation of flexible network
relationships. These associations have
both the structural and social dimensions that emerge from the morphology of the organs and tissues.
Underground mycelium is a tangle of threads, and its topology can easily be imagined as a network.
We learn this already in the first biology lessons. So, we agree that the fungus body has a
network
structure.
It turns out that the morphology of the vast majority of vascular plants – more than 80% of them –
should be seen similarly. Well, in addition to seed production, the way of plants is to grow their
territorial coverage through clonal reproduction, a method that fungi also commonly use. While
sexual reproduction creates a world of different individuals, clonal reproduction creates outgrowths
that are genetically identical to the parent organism and may not lose tissue continuity with it for
decades. In such a situation, it turns out that e.g. a poplar forest or a lawn section is not a
group of individuals but connected parts of one plant, whose body
actually has a network structure.
Fortunata Obrąpalska’s drawings of various root systems
(from the collection of the Adam Mickiewicz University / Botanical Garden in Poznań)
Rhizosphere
Clonal colonies of plants or fungi form not only the largest living, but also the most long-lived
earthly organisms. Moreover, also those of them that were sowed out as separate beings, can organize
themselves into meta-network relationships. In fact, not only
they produce clonal networks but also
combine themselves into multi-species associations, in which they adopt mutually helpful cooperative
functions. Plant-fungal networks have enormous plasticity potential, which allows such associations
to persist in one place for hundreds or even thousands of years. The space in which plants cooperate
with local microbial communities is an extremely extensive root zone
called the rhizosphere.
Communication efficiency of the ‘small worlds’ model of biological networks
A distinctive feature of communication in biological networks is the lack of central management
nodes and cooperative interactions that shorten the operational distance between participants.
Relations with such a topology are referred to in mathematical models as ‘networks of small
worlds’
(Albert R, Jeong H, Barabási AL (2000) Error and attack tolerance of complex networks Nature
406:378-382). This term does not imply restrictions on resources redistribution. On the contrary,
despite the specialized diversity of participants, network dynamics is more intense and less
vulnerable to disorganization than in species-poor or deterministic models. We can look in the
same
way at communication in the root system of one plant, and in the extended version, also
within a
fungal network covering many plants. Due to its integrity and obligatory nature as well as
impressive cooperation, the networked world of underground
communication has been called as Wood
Wide Web.
Mikoryzator
Mycorrhiza as an inspiration
Art & Science collaboration initiated within the Rhizosphere: The Big Network of Small Worlds
project
Mikoryzator at Tour Salon Poznań International Fair, 2019
(Photo by Aleksandra Walas)
Today, various forms of mycorrhiza ensure the existence of 85% land plants around the world. This
fact inspired creation of a project about the communication between plants and humans. The art
project: Mikoryzator was initiated in 2014 by Maria
Subczyńska, then a student of the University of
Arts in Poznań, who was fascinated by the discovery of information on the existence of connections
of the mycorrhizal network in the context of the Wood Wide Web.
In further co-operation with Piotr
Słomczewski, the project has become an ever-growing interactive installation and the basis
of
various workshops and activities, stimulating cognitive and creative processes, as well as
supporting interpersonal communication and teamwork. (Inspired by an unusual underground world of
roots and fungi networks, an interactive art installation reflects on the uniqueness of natural
forms.)
Four hundred million years ago, arbuscular mycorrhiza allowed
plants to leave the aquatic
environment and colonize land, and today it ensures the existence of
85% of land plants on Earth.
Its name comes from tree-branched hyphae called arbuscules, which are formed by the mycelium when
penetrating into the root cells. It is difficult to imagine the potential of the influence that
fungi have on the general condition of plants as well as their resistance to adverse environmental
changes: mycorrhizal symbiosis supplies the fungi with organic compounds. In return, arbuscules
provide plants with minerals and microelements.
The hormones produced by fungi regulate plants’ development, and antibiotic substances secreted into
the soil protect them from pathogens, while plants’ phytohormones stimulate the growth of hyphae in
fungi. On the other hand, extracellular mycelium creates connections between the roots of nearby
plants of various species. The resulting structures, called mycorrhizal networks, enable the
transfer of nutrients and chemical information between plants, and also bind soil particles into
aggregates, stimulating soil-forming processes.
Modern education should be based on solving problem tasks, developing scientific
and critical thinking, as well as improving the ability to co-operate in groups. In the
era of the digital world, the possibility of co-operation in international teams and
projects is also important for the social abilities and up-to-date skills development.
The eTwinning platform is the community for schools in Europe. It promotes
international co-operation between schools at different stages of education;
exchange of experiences between teachers of various subjects, looking for contacts
and inspiration as well as training, workshops, seminars, courses and conferences.
eTwinning co-operation in the project “Wild Networking – WiFi of Plants and
Fungi” that encompasses the Rhizosphere: The Big Network of Small Worlds
Project is run by Tomasz Ordza from Kazimierz Nowak Elementary School in
Dąbrówka, in co-operation with two other educators – Helena Pires
from Agrupamento de Escolas de Álvaro Velho in Barreiro (PG) and Seda Göçhan
at Türkiye Gazeteciler Cemiyeti Ortaokulu (TU). The program in total has been
carried out since 2016.
Each student had been given the task to present a network of symbiotic
interactions in nature in the form of a drawing – Science-Art Story. Three types
of classes were prepared for the students: a scientific workshop in the field;
science-art outdoor activities in a school garden, conducted by Piotr Słomczewski –
teacher and artist from the University of Arts in Poznań; and an online meeting
with prof. Marlena Lembicz – biologist from the Department of Biology of Adam
Mickiewicz University in Poznań – via a Google Meet application, with her lecture
entitled “Cooperation in a Network of Plants and Fungi”.
Biological facts presented in the student works were categorized into five groups.
The majority of the works (11) belonged to group Morphological Structure of
Interaction Partners – the group of work presenting the network structure of plants
and fungi. The least numerous was group with only 2 works showed a role
of Humans in Symbiotic Interactions. The majority of works (27) focused on the
development of interactions, their diversity and the mechanisms of communication
between plants and fungi. The students used different metaphors, symbols and
painting techniques as the means of expression to present biological facts.